Extreme pressure lubricant



Patented Oct. 22, 1940 UNITED STATES EXTREME PRESSURE LUBRICANT Franz Rudolf Moser, Amsterdam, Netherlands, and Marinus Cornelis Tuyn, Pladjoe, Dutch East Indies, assignors to Shell Development Company, San Francisco, Calif., a corporation of Delaware No Drawing. Application March l6, 1936., Serial No. 69,163; In the Netherlands March 19, 1935 6 Claims.

stances, so that excessive wear, scufling and seizure, which normally follow a break in the film of lubricant, can thus be prevented even under the most unfavorable pressure and speed conditions. Oils possessing this highly desirable property are called extreme pressure lubricants.

We have discovered that members of the class of organic compounds containing the radical -SO:X, in which X is a halogen, when added to mineral lubricating oils in relatively small quantities of the order of a few percent, are capable of imparting to the latter extreme pressure properties. The quantities of the compounds required never exceed 5% and in most instances are 2% or less.

As examplesof the organic compounds referred to, which may be aliphatic or cyclic, e. g. aromatic, and may contain substitution groups, such as NH2, --OH, COOH, and halogen, methyl sulfochloride, methylene di-sulfochloricle, ethyl sulfochloride, ricinoleic acid sulfochloride, benzene sulfochloride, benzene sulfofluoride, chlorbenzene sulfochloride, p-toluene sulfochloride, p-

toluene sulfobromide, o-toluene sulfobromide, di-

tions in lubricating oils, thermally stable up to 200 C. and' fremarlrably resistant to hydrolysis. For instancefp-toljuene sulfochloride which is a by-product in'the manufacture of saccharin, can

' be boiled with .water for hours without apparent sign of decomposition. Also it-naphthalene sulfochloride and p-toluene sulfobromide may be used advantageously.

Compounds, which have a tendency to hyoo drolyze under operating conditions, may be used to advantage in combination with corrosion inhibitors and it is generally good practice to use corrosion inhibitorsin combination with our compounds, because under some circumstances, for instance, due to contact with decomposition catalysts, such as certain metals, even the more stable ones may develop some degree of corrosiveness. Eflicient corrosion inhibitors which are effective in small quantities are the high molecular weight poly-carboxylic acids of the type described in the Moser application, Serial No. 12,247, filed March 21, 1935, nitrogen bases of the quinoline type, petroleum bases, poly-hydrocarmatic compounds,

and oil-soluble pickling inhibitors, in general.

Compounds of the group herelnbefore described are superior in the matter of imparting extreme pressure properties to other compounds also containing sulfur and halogen but not in the form of the SO2X radical. For instance, it was found that the methyl ester of p-chlorbenzene sulfonic acid, or the chlorethyl ester of benzene sulfonic acid, barely raises the load carrying caing" vol. 136 (1933) p. 46; this apparatus is capable of measuring the comparative metal wear which the test metals weld in the presence of the test lubricants.

at various pressures, as well as the pressures at Comparative typical experimental data ob-&

tained with the four-ball apparatus are given below:

- Pep Welding Diameter Substance added press. in wearing surface in mm.

Stral ht mineral 150 2.2 at 100 kg. p To uene sullochloride. 5 350 2.29 at 300 kg. Do 1.0 500 1.69 at 400 kg.

0 2.0 Above 600 1.53 at 600 kg. o-Toluene sulfochlond 2.0 Above 600 1.79 at 600 kg. -loluene sulfobromide. 2.0 Above 6H0 1.58 at 600 kg. ethyl sulfochloride 2.0 Above 1.60M 600 kg. Meth lene disulfochloride 2.0 Above 1.65 at BOOlrg. Chlor enzene sulfochl0ride 2, 0- AbovofiOO 1.57 at 600 kg. Methyl p-chlorbenzene-sulto 2:0 200 na e. Chlorethyl'benzenasulfornate.o 2. 0 I 2(1) The usefulness of the compounds hereinbefore described is not restricted to blends with lubricating oils alone, but extends to greases and other compounded lubricants as well. Where moisture-containing and/or alkaline reacting lubrlcants, such as sodaor lime soap greases, are to be converted into extreme pressure lubricants, we

3. The lubricant of claim 1 in which the amount of the compound is not more than 2%.

4. The lubricant of claim 1 in which the compound is methyl sulfochloride.

5. The lubricant of claim 1 in which the compound is methylene di-sulfochloride.

6. .I'helubricantof claim 1 in which the compound is ethyl sulfochloride.

FRANZ RUDQLF MOSER. MARINUS coRNEms 'I'UYN. 

